Each maloccluded tooth is given a value of 1 while tooth in perfect occlusion is given a score of 0. Tooth that is not in perfect occlusion from both occlusal aspect (in perfect alignment with contact line) and buccal aspect (in perfect alignment with plane of occlusion and in correct interdigitation with opposing teeth) is considered as maloccluded. Each tooth is examined from two different aspects: occlusal aspect and then the buccal and labial surfaces with the exclusion of third molars. The total number of maloccluded teeth is the counted and recorded. Each tooth is examined to determine whether it is in correct occlusion or it is maloccluded. This index uses individual teeth as unit of occlusion instead of a segment of the arch. Introduced in 1951 by Massler & Frankel to produce a way to record the prevalence of malocclusion which will satisfy 3 criteria: simple, accurate and applicable to large groups of individual yield quantitative information that could be statistically analysed reproducible so that results are comparable. Massler and Frankel's index recording the number of displaced/rotated teeth Angle's classification also disregards the relationship of the teeth to the face.
16 Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN).14 Handicapping Labiollingual Deviation (HLD) (CalMOD).12 WHO/FDI - basic method for recording of malocclusion.10 Handicapping Malocclusion Assessment Record (HMAR).8 Grade Index Scale for Assessment of Treatment Need (GISATIN).
4 Handicapping Labiolingual Deviation Index (HLDI).2 Massler and Frankel's index recording the number of displaced/rotated teeth.